About The CO2-Coating

DSM has teamed up with Novomer, a company in Waltham, Massachusetts, in which it holds a minority stake, to jointly develop a coating and adhesive resins using carbon dioxide (CO2) as raw material.

In 2007, this development agreement followed by a cooperation and investment by DSM Venturing into Novomer. A joint development project is expected to benefit from DSM access to markets and technology, as well as the technique of polymerization of CO2 Novomer.

Novomer develop chemistry and process technology to produce polymers from CO2 and propylene oxide (PO), while DSM will convert the polymers and resins in the formulation for applications such as coatings, adhesives and graphic arts. Companies have found the initial results encouraging and suggest that this project could lead to new and better properties of the coatings applied.

Once developed, the first polycarbonate resin used in applications such as paints, adhesives, inks and certain. The resin is made up to 50% by weight of CO2, so that not only remove CO2 from the atmosphere, but you also need the use of fossil fuels, raw materials and require less energy to produce than existing alternatives.

The production of this new material could begin next year and while the initial volume will necessarily be modest, it is technically possible that the new polycarbonate resin will become a common ingredient of coatings and other applications where conventional polycarbonates are used.

Rob van Leen, Chief Innovation Officer, DSM, said:  "DSM and Novomer trying to develop the first polymer is more than a decade to reach the finish this traditional industry is an exciting development may lead to a breakthrough that could change the industry, adding to the problems of cost, these innovative resins to address and performance on environmental issues. Therefore, they fit perfectly in the DSM "people, planet and profit approach '."

DSM and Novomer development project provides a fascinating insight into future production.

Climate change is a reality, and forward-thinking manufacturers hope to replace fossil fuels based on building blocks with more efficient alternatives that reduce and, ideally, prevent greenhouse gas emissions.

This may mean developing products and processes that produce the same end result of reducing greenhouse gas emissions, or a more fundamental shift away from fossil fuels in favor of bio-materials such as plant material. This has already resulted in biofuels and other materials from biorenewable sources.

While the jump from materials based on fossil fuels to bio-based materials represent an evolutionary transformation of the chemical industry, DSM and Novomer, cooperation goes further, since polycarbonate resin developed by the two parties use actual CO2, which should not be "grown", but can be extracted directly from the atmosphere.

Source: www.impreglon.com/

High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete In Earthquake-resistant Construction

The advantages of using work-hardening, high-performance fiber reinforced concrete (HPFRC) in critical areas of earthquake resistant structures are increasingly recognized. Due to their ductile behavior HPFRCs is particularly attractive for use in areas where a large inelastic deformation capacity is needed to withstand the demands caused by a severe earthquake. Test results showed that HPFRCs serve as a substitute for specific details of seismic reinforcement by providing additional shear strength and confinement, which could lead to important simplifications in the construction of earthquake resistant structures.

In 1987, Naaman proposes to classify the fiber reinforced concrete is based on the tensile behavior after cracking (Fig. 1). When the rate of hardening behavior has been observed, the mixture is classified as high-performance fiber reinforced cement (HPFRC). When the strain softening behavior is observed, the mixture is classified as a simple fiber reinforced concrete (FRC).

After the first crack occurs HPFRC subjected to direct tension, the fibers bridge the crack to carry a greater load, thus increasing the composite cracking. This cracking process, which eventually leads to a dense mass of fine cracks, damage continues to locate the (substantial removal of the fiber) is one or a few cracks, traction typically between 0.5 and 3%. FRC on a regular basis, on the other hand, because the fibers can not carry more load after cracking, the location of damage will start as soon as the first structural cracking occurs.

The fibers also increase the compression behavior of concrete, especially by increasing the voltage on capacity. HPFRCs has shown to exhibit a very similar behavior in the confined concrete, load capacity exceeding 1%. This suggests that the confinement reinforcement relaxations are possible when using HPFRCs than concrete.

For more information : http://www.frpdistributors.com

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Rebar– Technology

Recently, composite materials made from fibers embedded in a polymer resin, also known as fiber reinforced polymers are an alternative to steel reinforcement for concrete structures. Fiber reinforced polymer aramid (AFRP), carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars are the products commercially available for the construction industry. They have been proposed for use instead of steel or prestressed steel cables nonprestressed or prestressed concrete (ACI 440R 2006). The problems of steel corrosion is avoided with the use of FRP because fiber reinforced non-metallic materials are non-corrosive. Furthermore, FRP materials have several properties including high tensile strength which makes them suitable for use as structural reinforcement.

In addition, codes and design provisions have been recently developed guidance for the use of FRP bars in concrete structures for bridges and buildings (ACI 440H 2000, CSA 2000, ISIS-Canada, 2000).

The bond properties are responsible for transferring the load of concrete to strengthen and develop the necessary restraint in strengthening the balance, especially when the concrete is cracked. The service limits in FRP reinforced concrete elements, such as deflection, crack width and crack spacing is directly influenced by the properties of link reinforcement in concrete. Fiber reinforced polymer bars are anisotropic materials. Factors such as the type and amount of fiber and resin, fiber orientation and quality control during the production process plays a major role in the mechanical properties. If rebar carbon FRP (CFRP bar Isorod Pultrall, ADS Composites Group), when comparing a steel rod of 11.3 mm reinforced carbon fiber with a diameter similar about 9.5 mm, the results show that the tensile stress-strain curves of the CFRP bar is linear up to fracture (All FRP bars is linear elastic to failure).

The tensile strength of at least 1500 MPa, three times with reinforcing steel. The elastic modulus of the CFRP bar is 128 GPa, about 65% that of steel. CFRP bar set close to the bond strength to concrete even as a steel bar diameter 11.3 mm. (Benmokrane et al. 2001) As for glass FRP bars (GFRP bar ASLAN 100 Hughes Brothers, Inc.), tensile strength of 9 mm GFRP bar is 760 MPa and a modulus of elasticity is 40.8 GPa , much lower than for steel.

For more information : http://www.frpdistributors.com

What Is Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Rebar?

Reinforced concrete is a very common building material for construction of facilities and structures. Complementing the strength of concrete in tension is very limited, the construction of steel structure was a cost effective solution. However, insufficient concrete cover, poor design or workmanship, and the presence of large amounts of aggressive agents, including all environmental factors can lead to cracking of concrete and corrosion of steel bars. For example, the United States, almost 40% of bridges are structurally deficient or functionally obsolete, and the percentage is increasing, according to the Federal Highway Administration (Griffiths 2000) For many years there have been many studies on this subject the corrosion, and the interest of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) has recently emerged as a potential substitute for steel. A careful examination of the potential of FRP reinforcing bars to meet cost and performance may propose appropriate solutions.

The benefits

* Waterproof to chloride ions and chemical attack

* Tensile strength than steel

* 1/4th weight of steel reinforcement

* Transparent to magnetic fields and radio frequency

* Electrically and thermally conductive

Based on the above characteristics, FRP bars appears to be a promising alternative to steel reinforcement in concrete structures such as marine structures, parking structures, bridges, roads in extreme environments, and structures are very sensitive to magnetic fields and corrosion.

For more information : http://www.frpdistributors.com

The Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Reinforced concrete with steel fibers or synthetic fiber is known to reinforced concrete. Fiber reinforced concrete made an impression across the construction sector as being stronger, more malleable and more reliable than the cement alone. Fiber Reinforced Concrete has many uses and new applications are developing rapidly.

Fibre reinforced concrete is concrete that is mixed with synthetic fibers or steel. This concrete may also consist of steel and synthetic fibers in a mixture. The construction industry prefers fiber reinforced concrete on the regular strength and durability.

Fiber reinforced concrete is also known for its ability to control fire. Steel fibers in concrete and synthetics are less likely to break and crack when exposed to heat. There are currently several ongoing studies are currently evaluating the effectiveness of fires fiber reinforced concrete and extreme.

The most common use of fiber reinforced concrete is to make the factory floor. Fiber reinforced concrete is known to be able to withstand cold and heat, without cracking. Thus, fiber reinforced concrete is a viable alternative to the factory, because it takes the heat and pressure of the big machines.

Engineers and scientists are looking for fiber and to strengthen and improve the properties of concrete. They found an additive that makes the fiber concrete lighter and more resistant to cracking of the concrete alone. Additives are also working with natural fibers such as cellulose, which is trying to create a more environmentally friendly concrete.

For more information : http://www.frpdistributors.com

How Great Technical is your Plumber?

A water program engineer plays a significant role in society as the services rendered by these tradesmen provide potable water to residents. A water program engineer is also responsible for maintaining drainage and sewerage plumbing. Nowadays water program is a relatively well paid trade that requires training, licensing and certification. Experience counts as the professionals build up a rapport with their clientele and are able to forge a bond of trust and mutual respect with their clients.

For faster and more effective results, plumbers are relying more and more on the use of high tech equipment. In-line digital cams to perspective the duration of sewerage plumbing when investigating a clog, hydro flying, leak detection and tube locating as well as trenchless sewage alternative are some of the top tech ways to deal with water program emergencies.

By inserting digital cams in your water program water program installers are able to perspective the duration of the program and locate any blockage or other problem. If you need to replace plumbing on your grounds, your contractor would normally have to excavate the soil or dust. This conventional technique would cause damage to surfaces like sidewalks, floors, driveways, parking lots or roadways. Porches and landscaping would get spoilt and electrical, gas and water lines could be disturbed. The conventional tube alternative would involve a lot of problem and disruption. An advanced option that provides an alternative to full scale tube alternative is trenchless technology. Instead of digging up your garden, driveway or flooring, your installers or water program engineer can avail this leading edge new age strategy that provides an efficient and eco-friendly solution to your sewage problems. The strategy employs new PVC suffused smooth coating to reline your current sewage interior.

Any clogs, dust, leaves, origins and other debris are first blown clear with questionable hydro flying. An eco-friendly epoxy resin is then applied under questionable from a minor entry way to range the entire current sewage. To seal the new coating in place, a bladder is then introduced and filled with pressurized hot steam to mold the duration of the new coating to fuse with the inside of the current coating. This process seals all current leaks and makes it water and air tight with a smooth new coating that is highly resistant to any future intrusions by tree origins.

If the sewage is too fragile and damaged to be relined, it can be replaced by a technique of trenchless tube bursting by your water program engineer. Burbank home owners can ask local installers for top tech water program solutions.

PIPER PLUMBING

HEATING & DRAIN CLEANING INC.

12329 Mount Lawn RD NW

Edmonton, AB T5B4J3

http://www.piperplumbing.ca

service@piperplumbing.ca

Phone: (780) 934-1626 -  (780) 203-0088

Fax:     (780) 756-4493

Freezing Climate Seafood Care

Power breakdowns any season present a risk for your fish. If you live where it gets cold, a energy failing can confirm deadly for your container fish. Here are ways to get ready for, and deal with the worst-case situation - a energy failing in the deceased of winter.

Maintenance In Freezing Weather

A package in ideal shape will work out much better during a energy disruption. Keep the package well cleaned, clean the narrow press regularly, and execute frequent water changes. If you use an air push, create sure it is fixed with a examine device so it won't siphon water during a energy disruption. Keep a temperature gauge on or in the package so you can observe the warm range during a energy failing.

Prepare an urgent situation kit and keep it near the container so you don't have to search for it in the darkish. If you are going to be away from the house for an extended time period, arrange for a next door neighbor to tend your fish during a energy disruption.

The Emergency Kit

First and major be prepared to move around in the house. You can't do much for your fish if you are groping around in the darkish. Have a torch close by with new battery in it. In addition to your torch, get ready a simple urgent situation kit for your container. There are only a few items you need, but they could create all the difference in the world for your fish. Here is what you'll need:

Flashlight with clean batteries

Pencil and paper

Blankets or wide towels

Rope or durable tape

Small plastic-type material package with lid or zip secure bag

Battery managed aerator and batteries

1 to 2 cup plastic-type material package with a add spout

Hand warmers

Fish net

(A copy of this article would be helpful too)

During a Power Failure

If the energy goes out, your container will lose three important elements: warm, air (from lack of water movement), and filtering system. At first the package is not in immediate danger. However, if the energy is not returning in twenty to 30 minutes, believe the toughest and take steps accordingly.

Maintain Heat

Jot down the initial warm range, so you have a measuring stick to go by. Fill the plastic-type material package or zip secure bag with hot tap water, then close off it and position it in the container. Even though your hot water heaters no more have energy, the water will still be warm enough at this point to be of benefit.

To maintain as much of the warm as possible, place the package with wide shower or heavy bedding. Use line or durable record to secure them as carefully as you can against all sides of the package. Lay at least one cover over the top of the package.

Aerate Water

Place a battery-operated aerator in the package to keep the water moving while the narrow is off. You can purchase aerators at a pet store or even a lure store. If you have more than one package, move the aerator for ten moments at the same period in each package. If you do not have an aerator, and the energy is out for more than a time, you'll have to side aerate the water. Use the little plastic-type material package to eliminate a cup or two of water, then hold it well above the level and add it returning in (the concept is to aggravate the surface of the water when doing this). Do it again this process for five moments out of every time.

Now all you can do is delay for the energy to come returning on. Do not nourish the fish during the disruption. It will cause them to produce more waste, which cannot be removed easily without the narrow operating. If the energy is out more than two times, eliminate the narrow press from the narrow device. Otherwise it will contaminate the package with deceased harmful bacteria when the energy comes returning on.

Monitor the warm range, and continue aerating the package. In the event a fish passes away instantly, eliminate the body instantly so it does not impact the chemistry of the package. As the warm range constantly fall, eliminate the package positioning hot water and renew it with hot tap water. The water in your protected hot water heaters will stay hot for many times. If your tap water is no more hot, close off a hand-warming device in the package and position it in the package.

When the Power Comes Back

Check the warm range of the septic tanks. Modify the heaters so the warm range gradually goes up at the rate of a half a degree every several time (the concept is to gradually adjust the fish to the return to regular temperature). If the narrow has not been operating for more than two times, substitute the narrow press with clean press. Do not nourish the fish instantly. Choose the warm range has come back to regular. After 24-48 hours, analyze the water for ammonia and execute a water change if any ammonia is recognized. A week later, analyze the water again to be sure that everything is regular again.

For more information:

Aquarium Illusions Inc.

http://www.aquariumillusions.com/

Phone:  780 483-7027

Fax:    780 483-7081

Toll Free:   1-800-559-6546 (In Canada)